Knowing this difference could save your teeth (and possibly your health).
When it comes to oral health, the terms gingivitis and gum infection are often used interchangeably. But understanding the difference between the two isn’t just a matter of semantics – it’s a matter of saving your teeth, your gums and potentially your overall health.
Let’s break it down.
What Is Gingivitis?
Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease. It occurs when plaque – a sticky film of bacteria – builds up on your teeth and along the gumline. If not removed with proper brushing and flossing, this plaque irritates the gums, causing them to become inflamed.
Common signs of gingivitis include:
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Bleeding when brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath
- Gum sensitivity
The good news? Gingivitis is reversible. With good oral hygiene and professional dental cleanings, your gums can return to a healthy state.
What Is a Gum Infection?
A gum infection, also known as periodontitis, is a more advanced and serious stage of gum disease. If gingivitis is left untreated, bacteria can spread beneath the gumline and trigger an inflammatory response that damages the tissues and bone supporting your teeth.
Symptoms of gum infection (periodontitis) may include:
- Receding gums
- Deep pockets forming between the teeth and gums
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Pain when chewing
- Pus between the teeth and gums
Unlike gingivitis, periodontitis is not reversible – but it is manageable. Without treatment, it can lead to tooth loss and has even been linked to broader health issues like heart disease, diabetes, and complications during pregnancy.
Why Knowing the Difference Matters
Think of gingivitis as a warning light on your dashboard: it’s a signal that something needs attention. Catch it early, and you can prevent more serious problems. But ignore it, and you risk developing a full-blown gum infection that could compromise your smile – and your systemic health.
Research has shown that chronic inflammation from gum infections can contribute to a range of health conditions, including:
- Cardiovascular disease
- Stroke
- Diabetes
- Respiratory infections
- Alzheimer’s disease
How to Protect Yourself
- Brush and floss daily. Don’t underestimate the power of consistent oral hygiene.
- See your dentist or periodontist regularly. Professional cleanings and exams are essential for early detection and prevention.
- Don’t ignore symptoms. Bleeding gums are never “normal.” If something feels off, book an appointment.
- Quit smoking. Tobacco use increases your risk of gum disease and hampers healing.
- Eat a balanced diet. A healthy immune system supports healthy gums.
When to See a Specialist
If you’re experiencing symptoms beyond mild gum inflammation – or if gingivitis keeps coming back despite your efforts – it may be time to see a periodontist. These specialists are trained to diagnose and treat gum infections and can help preserve both your oral and overall health.
Gingivitis is your early warning sign. A gum infection is a serious threat. Knowing the difference can help you act in time – and potentially save your smile.
It should also be mentioned that gum disease can develop silently, with few or no noticeable symptoms in the early stages. That’s why early detection and regular professional assessments are so crucial – by the time symptoms become obvious, significant damage may already be underway.
Worried about your gums? Don’t wait. Book a consultation with our expert periodontal team today.